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An ultrasound scan builds up pictures of organs and areas inside the body using sound waves. These sound waves have a frequency beyond human hearing. An ultrasound scan is often used during pregnancy to obtain pictures of a baby in the womb.
An ultrasound scan does not use x-rays and is entirely safe. The ultrasound waves are delivered by a small handheld sensor, which is similar to a microphone. The sensor is moved over the surface of the skin and it picks up the sound waves as they bounce off various organs within the body. A computer, which is linked to the sensor, turns the sound waves into pictures that are viewed on a television screen. Photographs are taken of these pictures and then interpreted by trained specialists.
Ultrasound
Prevention and surveillance
Detection and diagnosis
Treatment of cancer
Living with cancer
Ultrasound scans can be used to help doctors to make a diagnosis or assess the effects of treatment. Your doctor will recommend an ultrasound scan based on the type of cancer you have and the information needed. Ultrasound can also be used to detect blood flow and whether there is any narrowing or blockage of blood vessels.
There are no known risks with ultrasound and it is considered to be very safe. The scan does not hurt but you will feel a gentle pressure of the sensor over the skin. If you are to have an internal scan any sensations you may feel will be explained to you. Most scans take about half an hour, however it is not always possible to know how long a scan will take until scanning begins.
There are several types of ultrasound scans and the procedure for your scan will be explained to you before your appointment. Sometimes, doctors need to put a special ultrasound microphone inside the body to get a clearer picture. Special transducers have been developed to 'look inside' the body.
Guided biopsies/Fine Needle Aspirate (FNA)
Other procedures, for example, biopsies, may be performed at the same time as the ultrasound. If the doctor performing the scan notices an area which looks unusual, in the breast or liver for example, they may want to take a biopsy or fine needle aspirate (FNA) – a sample of cells or tissue – from that area. With some biopsies, for example a liver biopsy, you may need to stay in hospital overnight. If you have questions or there is anything you don’t understand, please ask.